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3C305: An Intriguing Glowing Galaxy
3C305
3C305
3C305
Visual Description:

  • 3C305 is a galaxy about 600 million light years from Earth

  • A supermassive black hole at its core is causing its intriguing appearance

  • It's still uncertain exactly what is causing the X-ray emission that Chandra detects

Activity from a supermassive black hole is responsible for the intriguing appearance of this galaxy, 3C305, located about 600 million light years away from Earth. The structures in red and light blue are X-ray and optical images from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope respectively. The optical data is from oxygen emission only, and therefore the full extent of the galaxy is not seen. Radio data are shown in darker blue and are from the National Science Foundation's Very Large Array in New Mexico, as well as the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network in the United Kingdom.

An unexpected feature of this multiwavelength image of 3C305 is that the radio emission -- produced by a jet from the central black hole -- does not closely overlap with the X-ray data. The X-ray emission does, however, seem to be associated with the optical emission.

Using this information, astronomers believe that the X-ray emission could be caused by either one of two different effects. One option is jets from the supermassive black hole (not visible in this image) are interacting with interstellar gas in the galaxy and heating it enough for it to emit X-rays. In this scenario, gas heated by shocks would lie ahead of the jets. The other possibility is that bright radiation from regions close to the black hole infuses enough energy into the interstellar gas to cause it to glow. Deeper X-ray data will be needed to decide between these alternatives.

Visual Description:

3C305 is an optical, radio and X-ray image of an unusual looking galaxy. The galaxy has two bright elongated regions around the center. The galaxy's shape can be described as irregularly elliptical, as if you’re only seeing a portion of it. It almost resembles a koala laying down, hugging the darkness. The colors of the galaxy are predominantly dark blue, red-orange and blue-green. Activity from a supermassive black hole is responsible for the intriguing appearance of this galaxy. The structures in red-orange and blue-green are X-ray and optical images from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope respectively. The optical data is from oxygen emission only, and therefore the full extent of the galaxy is not seen. Radio data are shown in darker blue and are from the Very Large Array, as well as the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network. An unexpected feature of this image of 3C305 is that the radio emission -- produced by a jet from the central black hole -- does not closely overlap with the X-ray data. The X-ray emission does, however, seem to be associated with the optical emission.

 

Fast Facts for 3C305:
Credit  X-ray (NASA/CXC/CfA/F.Massaro, et al.); Optical (NASA/STScI/C.P.O'Dea); Radio (NSF/VLA/CfA/F.Massaro, et al.)
Release Date  May 14, 2009
Scale  Image is 6 arcsec across
Category  Quasars & Active Galaxies
Coordinates (J2000)  RA 14h 49m 21.37s | Dec +63° 16´ 14.00"
Constellation  Draco
Observation Date  April 7, 2008
Observation Time  2 hours 10 minutes
Obs. ID  9330
Instrument  ACIS
Color Code  X-ray (Red); Optical (Cyan); Radio (Blue)
Radio
Optical
X-ray
Distance Estimate  About 592 million light years
distance arrow
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Blog: 3C305
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Chandra X-ray Image of 3C305
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